Hi Juliana,
Case-control studies should include two groups that are identical EXCEPT for their outcome/disease status (one group would be the group of interest and the other a control group). An example would be: comparing a group of children with cerebral palsy with a group of identical children (such as age and gender and PMH) without cerebral palsy to examine a specific characteristic such as parenting stress.
Cohort studies should include two groups that are identical EXCEPT for their exposure status. An example would be: comparing two groups of children with cerebral palsy, but they are exposed to two different treatment strategies.
Hope this helps!
Helen and Jess